Peter Singer is a renowned Australian philosopher and bioethicist, born in 1946, who has made significant contributions to moral philosophy and applied ethics. He is best known for his work on animal liberation, effective altruism, and controversial views on bioethical issues, with his influential books including "Animal Liberation" (1975) and "Practical Ethics" (1979). Singer currently holds positions at Princeton University and the University of Melbourne, and is the founder of The Life You Can Save, a nonprofit organization dedicated to fighting extreme poverty.